In vitro anticancer activity of dietary bioagent (isothiocyanates) on HepG2 and B16F10 cell lines: a comparative study

Abstract

In vitro anticancer screening of different isothiocyanates (ITCs) [Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), Phenylethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) and Sulphoraphane (SUL)], derived from naturally occurring Eruca sativa seed oil (SO) against HepG2 human liver carcinoma cell line and B16F10 mice melanoma cell line have been carried out using MTT (Methyl Thiazole Tetrazolium), TBE (Trypan Blue Exclusion) and SRB (Sulphorodamine-B)  bioassays. Combination of three ITCs Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), Phenylethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), Sulphoraphane (SUL) isolated from seed oil in ratio of 1:1:1 exhibited maximum percentage inhibition of 97.12%, 96.34% and 96.56% by HepG2 while  96.32%, 95.34% and 96.43% inhibition by B16F10 cell line for MTT, TBE and SRB respectively against reference drug doxorubicin at concentration 50 µM. Percent inhibition has been found to be more pronounced in isothiocyanates combination compared to its naturally occurring E. sativa seed oil in both the cell lines. Combination also displayed significant antimelanoma activity (IC₅₀ value 18.51 μM) against B16F10 mice melanoma cell line and anticarcinoma activity (IC₅₀ value 16.38 μM) against HepG2 human liver carcinoma cell line.