Impact of Salt Stress on Fruits and its Mitigation strategies; A Review
Abstract
Fruit crops are currently facing problems due to the different biotic and abiotic stress. Among these stresses, salinity stress is one of the most deleterious environmental threats that often limit crop production by disturbing the ecophysiology of fruit crops to a great extent. Salinity up to some extend is bearable by the crops, but when its level extends above the threshold value, growth rate and size of the plant decreases, restricts lateral shoot development, reduces leaf and fruit size and fresh and dry weight of different plant parts and ultimately could lead to death of the plant. The objective of this article is to analyze that how plant responses to the salt stress and affects the physiological and agronomic behaviour. This review focuses on adverse effects of salts stress on different fruits crops viz; changes in morphology, physiology, scion rootstocks interactions, nutritional imbalance, biochemical response and phytoharmones, In addition to the ecophysiological studies of fruit crops, mitigation strategies has also been focused. There are many strategies to cope with salinity stress which are the development of salinity tolerant crop and cultivators by using genetic and molecular techniques, plant hormones signaling, and reclamation of soils and stress elevation by bacteria. Thus, this chapter will gives a brief idea to the scientists, students and researchers to understand the effects of salinity on fruit crops and their management strategies.
Keywords
Salt stress, fruit crops, physiology, phytoharmones, tolerance, melatonin, management strategies.
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