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Influence of various tillage option along with nutrient management practices in maize –wheat cropping system under mid hill situation of West Bengal

Dhiman Mukherjee

Abstract


A field experiment was conducted during 2010 to 2012 at the Regional Research Station (Hill Zone) of Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Kalimpong (1250 m asl), to elucidate the influence of various tillage option along with nutrient management practices in maize –wheat cropping system under mid hill situation. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with ten treatment comprising common control (T1), zero tillage(T2), reduced tillage (T3), conventional tillage (T4), zero tillage + 75 % RDF + 5 t/ha forest manure (T5), reduced tillage + 75 % RDF + 5 t/ha forest manure (T6), conventional tillage + 75 % RDF + 5 t/ha forest manure (T7), zero tillage + 100 % RDF (T8), reduced tillage + 100 % RDF (T9), and conventional tillage + 100 % RDF (T10) and replicated three times. The height of maize plant was maximum to be 187.25 cm in zero tillage followed by 100 % RDF treatment and was to the magnitude of 55.11 cm, 50.1 cm, 47.76 cm, and 47.08 cm higher in T8, T6, T10 and T7 treatments, respectively, over T1 treatment. There appeared to be 71.47 per cent increase in grain yield of maize in T9 (reduced tillage + 100 % RDF), 67.86 per cent with the application of conventional tillage + 75 % RDF + 5 t/ha forest manure, and 63.50 per cent with application of conventional tillage +100 % RDF and 62.38 (reduced tillage + 75 % RDF + 5 t/ha forest manure) as compared to control. All these treatments were at par to each other and significantly better to rest of the treatments. More maize stover yield was obtained with the reduced tillage followed by full dose of RDF, and was at par with the conventional tillage + 100 % RDF (T10 ),  zero tillage + 100 % RDF (T8),  reduced tillage + 75 % RDF + 5 t/ha forest manure (T6 ) and significantly better to rest of the treatment practices. The grain yield of wheat was higher by 35.01 per cent in reduced tillage followed by full dose of RDF, 34.14 per cent in reduced tillage + 75 % RDF + 5 t/ha forest manure, 29.06 percent in  conventional tillage + 100 % RDF and about 28.53 per cent in zero tillage + 100 % RDF treatment over the control. All these treatments were at part to each other and significantly better to rest of the treatments combination. Tillage and nutrient treatment combinations positively influenced the total productivity of maize-wheat cropping system. On an average, the yield of the system in terms of Maize Equivalent Yield (MEY) increased by 14.3 q ha-1 productivity of treatments was increased by 51.47 % over control. The maximum system productivity (MEY 42.08 q ha-1) was recorded with the use reduced tillage + 75 % RDF + 5 t/ha forest manure, at par with reduced tillage + 100 % RDF (Table 6). On the other hand, the significant difference was also recorded among the full inorganic fertilizers treatments for maize equivalent yield of the system.  The system productivity in terms of MEY of maize - wheat cropping system varied significantly with different tillage and nutrient management treatments.  Amongst various treatment measures maximum uptake of nutrient by the sytem was observed with the reduced tillage + 100 % RDF and was followed by conventional tillage + 100 % RDF. The system based inorganic nutrient management treatments along with reduced tillage (reduced tillage + 100 % RDF) practice registered higher gross return (Rs ha-1 50.82 x103), net returns (Rs ha-1 22.41 x103), benefit: cost ratio of 1.78 compared to Rs ha-1 25.44 x103, Rs ha-1  7.54 x103 and 1.42, respectively in control.

Keywords


Maize; nutrient uptake; system; wheat; yield.

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