Manipulating Microbial Phytases For Heterologous Expression In Crops For Sustainable Nutrition

Chinreddy Subramanyam Reddy, Kalasamudramu Vani, Saurabh Pandey, Muwa Vijaylakshmi, Chandra Obul Reddy P., Tanushri Kaul*

Abstract


Phytases are phosphohydrolases that facilitate the sequential removal of phosphate from phytate. Monogastric species such as swine, poultry and fish including humans need external phytase to digest phytate, the major form of phosphorus in plant-derived food products or feed. Eventually, dietary phytases are dispensed to liberate feed phytate-phosphorus to reduce the supplementation of inorganic phosphorus and to alleviate their phosphorus excretion. Phytases have emerged as one of the most efficient and productive feed additives. However, addition of commercially available phytase enzyme to the animal feed is expensive and laborious. To overcome these problems, development of genetically engineered plants for heterologous production of phytases improves the phosphorus and mineral bioavailability. Additionally, it reduces the phytic acid excretion and phosphate load on agricultural ecosystem and thereby alleviates eutrophication of aquatic environment. This review aims to summarize the recent information on plant-based phytase development for identifying an ideal phytase for transgenic plant production and its potential applications. It targets crucial and synergistic analyses on the global impression, innovative application and future prospects of phytases in promoting sustainable animal and human health.

Keywords


Monogastric species; Nutrition; Phosphorus; Phytase; Phytic acid; Transgenics

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References


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