Genotype by Environment Interaction Effect on Yield, and Stability of hybrid Maize (Zea mays L.) Genotype in Transitional Highland Agro-ecology of Ethiopia
Abstract
Evaluating promised hybrid maize genotypes under multi-environment is pivotal for releasing best and stable commercial maize variety. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of genotype, environment and GEI on grain yield, and stability of 15 hybrids maize genotype under five representative locations of transitional highland agroecology of Ethiopia, during the main season of 2017/2018 using AMMI and GGE biplot analysis. Based on AMMI analysis, highly significant differences of grain yield and other traits (P ≤ 0.001) were observed due to the effect of genotype, environment, and their interaction (GEI). Genotype and GEI effects accounted for 62.7% of the total variation. Based on GGE analysis, Bako environment was the most discriminating and representative among the representative test environments. This environment could be suitable to select superior as well as broad adapted genotype. In addition, the polygon views displayed three mega environments while crossover interaction within studied genotypes. Maize breeding program might use this information to focus on maize improvement in order to develop broad and specific adaptation for transitional highland agroecology of Ethiopia. Among hybrid genotypes, ‘MABK181261’ was identified as more stable with a better yield. After a variety verification trial, this genotype could be released as a commercial hybrid for transitional highland agroecology of the country. Overall, the result clearly approved the effectiveness of AMMI and GGE biplot techniques for selecting stable of superior hybrid maize genotypes to mitigate climate change
Keywords
AMMI, Genotype by Environment, GGE-biplot, Zea mays
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